MENTAL health is essential because it affects every part of our lives, how we think, feel and act. It influences how we handle stress, relate to others and make choices.
Just like physical health, having good mental health enables you to cope with the demands of life, maintain positive relationships and achieve your full potential.
Without it, even daily tasks can feel overwhelming and personal and professional goals may become difficult to reach.
Cimas Health Group medical doctor Learnmore Shoti explained that there are several mental health issues that affect people not only in Zimbabwe, but across the world.
Some of the most prevalent mental health issues he pointed out at include anxiety disorders such as generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and social anxiety.
Other known mental health issues, he said, included depressive disorders such as major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder, stress-related disorders, substance or drug abuse disorders and eating disorders.
“In many places, including Zimbabwe, these challenges can be worsened by socio-economic factors and a lack of access to mental health services. Some of these mental health problems have resulted in increased suicide and substance abuse rates.
“The connection between the mind and body is real. Poor mental health can show up physically through chronic stress, which may lead to heart problems, a weakened immune system, digestive issues and chronic pain.
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“Conditions that include depression and anxiety can also disturb sleep, appetite and energy levels, making physical health suffer even more. On the other side, long-term physical illnesses can take a toll on mental health, creating a tough cycle to break,” he added.
Shoti explained that genetics have a part to play with mental health disorders but they are not the whole story.
“No single gene is responsible for a mental health disorder. It is rather a mix of genetic factors that can heighten vulnerability,” he said.
“These genetic influences often interact with environmental factors, life experiences and stressors to trigger the onset of a disorder. It is more about susceptibility than a predetermined fate.”
Shoti went on to highlight that the choices we make in our daily lives can greatly influence our mental health.
“Engaging in regular exercise, eating a balanced diet, getting enough sleep, practicing stress management techniques such as yoga, nurturing healthy social connections and limiting substance use like alcohol and drugs, can all have a positive impact,” he said.
“On the other hand, a sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition, lack of sleep, chronic stress and social isolation can really take a toll on mental well-being.”
Shoti said there are some early signs or red flags that show someone may need professional mental health support.
“The early signs can differ from person to person but there are some common red flags to watch for. These include ongoing feelings of sadness or irritability, noticeable shifts in sleep habits such as insomnia or sleeping too much, losing interest in activities that used to bring joy and changes in appetite or weight,” he said.
“Other signs include feeling fatigued, struggling to concentrate, experiencing feelings of worthlessness or guilt, heightened anxiety or panic attacks, withdrawing from social interactions and having thoughts of self-harm.
“If these symptoms stick around for more than a couple of weeks or start to seriously disrupt daily life, then it is definitely time to seek professional help.”
Shoti went on to explain what seasonal depression is and how it is different from other forms of depression.
“Seasonal depression, which is clinically referred to as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), is a type of depression that tends to come and go with the seasons. It usually appears early winter and tends to end in summer.
“Unlike other types of depression, SAD follows a seasonal pattern, meaning that symptoms often improve or vanish during other times of the year.
“While the core symptoms of depression are similar, those with SAD might experience specific symptoms such as an increased appetite, especially for carbohydrates, weight gain, feeling sleepier than usual and withdrawing from social activities,” he said.
Shoti explained that the exact causes of SAD are not completely understood, but it is thought to be connected to the decrease in natural light during certain seasons.
“This reduction in light can disrupt the body’s internal clock also known as the circadian rhythm, leading to lower serotonin levels, a neurotransmitter that influences mood and disrupting melatonin production, a hormone that helps regulate sleep.”
He further explained that there are biological and environmental factors that contribute to SAD.
“Both biological and environmental elements play a role. Biological elements come into play when disruptions in our circadian rhythm, imbalances in serotonin and melatonin levels and even genetic factors are considered. Some people might be more sensitive to changes in light,” Shoti said.
“A major environmental trigger is the lack of natural sunlight. People, who work in areas where there is no sunlight, for example underground mine workers, are at risk,” he said.
“People, who are more likely to experience SAD include those living in areas with long winter nights or a lot of cloudy days. Women also tend to be diagnosed with SAD more often than men. Younger adults are also at higher risk.
“Anyone with a family history of SAD or other depressive disorders and individuals who already have mood disorders are at risk too.”
Speaking on treatment for mental health problems, Shoti said therapy and medication often complement each other in a great way and are commonly used in tandem for the best results.
“While medication can help balance brain chemistry and ease severe symptoms, therapy offers coping strategies, addresses underlying issues and helps prevent relapse,” he said.
“The decision really depends on individual circumstances, the severity of symptoms and personal preferences, which are usually discussed with a healthcare provider.
“While not a substitute for professional medical advice, some natural remedies and alternative treatments may complement conventional approaches. For example, there is the St. John’s Wort plant that is not native in our country.
“Some studies indicate it could be beneficial for mild to moderate depression, but it can interact with other medications, so it is best to use it under medical supervision.
“Research suggests that Omega-3 fatty acids might play a role in mood regulation. Some people find acupuncture helpful for managing their mood. Mind-body activities such as yoga can foster relaxation and overall well-being,” Shoti added.
He, however, said it is always best to check with a doctor or professional healthcare provider before trying any new natural remedies or alternative treatments.
“For anyone feeling hesitant about reaching out for professional support, Cimas is saying — your mental health is just as vital as your physical health,” Shoti said.
“Asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness. At Cimas, we know that dealing with mental health issues can be overwhelming, but you do not have to go through it alone. There are effective treatments and caring professionals within Cimas ready to support you on your journey.”
- The information in this article is provided as a public service by the Cimas iGo Wellness programme, which is designed to promote good health. It is provided for general information only and should not be construed as medical advice. Readers should consult their doctor or clinic on any matter related to their health or the treatment of any health problem. — igo@cimas.co.zw/ WhatsApp: 0772 161 829/ phone 024-2773 0663.
